Guide to waste inputs and output products

Waste input	Valuable outputs
Biodegradable waste (segregated at source)	Compost; products of anaerobic digestion (biogas and fertilisers)
Blast furnace slag (BFS)	Aggregate
Construction, demolition and excavation waste (inert)	Aggregates
Cooking oil and rendered animal fat	Biodiesel
Glass – cathode ray tube (CRT)	Aggregate; CRT glass manufacture; X-ray shielded glass
Glass – flat	Processed cullet (various uses)
Incinerator bottom ash (IBA)	Aggregate
Lubricating oil	Processed fuel oil
Marine-dredged materials (MDM)	Aggregates
Paper sludge ash (PSA)	Agricultural liming agent; cement and block manufacture; sewage sludge stabiliser; desiccant for cattle bedding
Plasterboard	Gypsum for plasterboard and cement manufacture; soil improver
Plastics (non packaging)	Raw material for various uses
Poultry litter ash (PLA)	Agricultural fertiliser
Pulverised fuel ash (PFA) and furnace bottom ash (FBA)	Aggregate
Soil – contaminated	Can be selectively used as soil but end-of-waste criteria to be decided on a case-by-case basis
Soil – uncontaminated topsoil	Can be used as topsoil but end-of-waste criteria to be decided on a case-by-case basis
Steel slag	Aggregate and soil modifier
Tyres	Tyre crumb (various uses); tyre bales for civil and construction works
Wood – non-virgin, from post-industrial and post-consumer sources	Chipboard; animal bedding; horticultural mulch; biomass fuel

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